Análisis y control de humedad del suelo a través de un sistema soportado por sensores en el jardín botánico “Jorge Quintero Arenas”

From new technologies that can be integrated without affecting the environment and generate various changes in the way of learning, solutions are proposed for continuous improvement, which in the end is done in favor of sustainability, quality of life and an intelligent botanical garden. This paper describes the development of a prototype sensor system created for soil moisture analysis and control. This prototype is made up of a network of sensors that will support the administration of the botanical garden. It was obtained the evaluation of the obtained variables and likewise, the approach of strategies with respect to the reduction of the waste of the hydric resource, all this focused on the use of the Internet of the Things (IoT). This is that by having a detailed knowledge of each of the variables that influence under the conditions established for this project, it was possible to achieve with greater ease and security the appropriate approach of strategies that allow water saving and avoid more effectively the waste of this resource so precious and necessary for consumption and also for saving money and better environmental quality.Desde las nuevas tecnologías que se puedan integrar  sin afectar el medio ambiente  y generar diversos cambios en la forma de aprendizaje, se proponen soluciones para el mejoramiento continuo, que al final se hace en pro de la sostenibilidad, calidad de vida y un jardín botánico inteligente. En este trabajo se describe el desarrollo de un sistema sensor prototipo creado para el análisis y el control de humedad del suelo. Este prototipo está conformado con una red de sensores que dará soporte al administración del jardín botánico. Se obtuvo la evaluación de las variables obtenidas y así mismo, el planteamiento de estrategias con respecto a la disminución del desperdicio del recurso hídrico, todo esto enfocado al uso del Internet de las Cosas (IoT). Esto es que al tener un conocimiento detallado de cada una de las variables que influyen bajo las condiciones establecidas para este proyecto, se pudo lograr con mayor facilidad y seguridad el planteamiento adecuado de estrategias que permitan el ahorro del agua y evitar de manera más efectiva el desperdicio de este recurso tan preciado y necesario para el consumo y también para el ahorro de dinero y mejor calidad ambiental

SISTEMA PARA DETECCIÓN DE FALLOS CRÍTICOS EN TUBERÍAS HORIZONTALES

La presente investigación consiste en el diseño de un sistema de detección y diagnóstico de fallas en tuberías horizontales. El método utilizado para la detección de la fuga se realizó mediante el balance de masa, utilizando un generador de residuos. El sistema completo se validó a través de una serie de experimentaciones realizadas en un prototipo hidráulico para pruebas de monitoreo de tuberías. El sistema cuenta con un instrumento virtual que se comunica con el prototipo mediante un sistema de adquisición de datos y a través de estos se pudo detectar la fuga

Modelado 3D aplicado a las plantas del vivero de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña.

The Jorge Enrique Quintero Arenas University Botanical Garden was created with the mission of conserving the dry forest ecosystem and the types of vegetation and flora present in the northeast of Colombia. From new technologies that can be integrated without affecting the environment and generate various changes in the way of learning, solutions are proposed for continuous improvement, which in the end is done in favor of sustainability, quality of life and an intelligent botanical garden. This article aims to show the aspects of 3D modeling from what was developed in a previous project on a mobile application. In order to innovate in this APP and achieve a more interactive application with the user, some functionalities were developed where augmented reality is implemented as a technology that will allow the virtual reality to be brought to reality where users will be able to expand their knowledge about the plants studied in the botanical garden with multimedia material. In the development process and based on the existing mobile application for the intelligent nursery, the functionalities are proposed under the following scheme, the image recorded by the cell phone camera is analyzed in search of a graphic pattern which for our case was used the existing QR code in each of the plants under study, by the nursery researchers, the same used for the administration of the different interventions that are made to each of the plants. Thanks to this QR code, the administrator can easily identify the résumé of each plant, speeding up day-to-day work such as pest control, follow-up of deaths, transplants, and donations that may be presented.El Jardín Botánico Universitario Jorge Enrique Quintero Arenas fue creado con la misión de conservar el ecosistema de bosque seco y, los tipos de vegetación y flora presentes del nororiente de Colombia. Desde las nuevas tecnologías que se puedan integrar sin afectar el medio ambiente y generar diversos cambios en la forma de aprendizaje, se proponen soluciones para el mejoramiento continuo, que al final se hace en pro de la sostenibilidad, calidad de vida y un jardín botánico inteligente. Este artículo, tiene como objetivo mostrar los aspectos del modelado 3D a partir de lo desarrollado en un proyecto anterior sobre una aplicación móvil. Con el ánimo de innovar en dicha APP y lograr una aplicación más interactiva con el usuario se desarrollaron unas funcionalidades donde se implementa la realidad aumentada como tecnología que permitirá llevar la virtualidad a la realidad donde los usuarios podrán ampliar los conocimientos sobre las plantas objeto de estudio del jardín botánico con material multimedia. En el proceso de desarrollo y basados en el aplicativo móvil existente para el vivero inteligente, se plantea las funcionalidades bajo el siguiente esquema, se analiza la imagen grabada por la cámara del celular en busca de un patrón gráfico el cual para nuestro caso se utilizó el código QR existente en cada una de las plantas objeto de estudio, por parte de los investigadores del vivero, el mismo utilizado para la administración de las diferentes intervenciones que se le realizan a cada una de las plantas. Gracias a ese código QR el administrador fácilmente puede identificar la hoja de vida que cada planta agilizando trabajos del día a día como control de plagas, seguimientos a muertes, trasplantes, donaciones que se pueden presentar

SOFTWARE MOVIL PARA RECONOCIMIENTO, SEGUIMIENTO Y CONTROL DE LAS PLANTAS DEL VIVERO INTELIGENTE DE LA UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE PAULA SANTANDER OCAÑA

Este artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar los aspectos del desarrollo de una aplicación móvil. Permite dar soporte a los procesos de registro de hoja de vida de las diferentes plantas objeto de estudio del jardín Botánico Jorge Enrique Quintero Arenas de la universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña. En la primera fase, se realizó un análisis de los diferentes formatos físicos que actualmente lleva el administrador de la granja para la toma de datos de interés. En la segunda, la sistematización de la captura de información a través de interfaces amigables fácil de utilizar sobre una App Móvil con características que permitirán identificar a cada planta con tecnología códigos QR. Se agilizaron las consultas, reportes, trazabilidad e identificación de procedimientos e intervenciones realizadas a cada una de las plantas que están en proceso de supervisión por motivos científicos e investigativos, logrando ser una herramienta de apoyo para la toma de decisiones

SISTEMA DE DETECCIÓN DE INTRUSOS A TRAVÉS DE UNA RED HONEYNET PARA ENTORNOS DE RED CABLEADA SOBRE IPV6

Las honeynet o redes señuelo son recursos de red que representan una medida de aseguramiento para toda organización que haga uso de las tecnologías de información y las comunicaciones. Esta herramienta es usada en el ámbito de la seguridad informática con la finalidad de atraer y analizar el comportamiento de los atacantes en internet. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar pruebas experimentales de los ataques informáticos más comunes en redes cableadas IPV6 a través de las herramientas como 6Guard, SNORT y Wireshark. También se evidencia en el artículo el diseño e implementación de una red Honeynet bajo IPv6, donde interactúan diferentes sistemas operativos. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos se pudo observar la detección completa de los ataques tipo THC-IPv6, como fake_router6, redir6, fake_advertise6, fake_solicitate6, flood_dhcp6, sendpees6, sendpeesmp6 y smurf6

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure &lt; 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Evaluación del desarrollo de competencias genéricas en los estudiantes de ingeniería de sistemas de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña. (Archivo Electrónico)

Las competencias genéricas hoy en día, han tenido un gran auge en el campo educativo. De hecho un gran número de instituciones de educación superior, las contemplan estructuralmente sus extensos documentos académicos. El inconveniente es que se desconoce si esas competencias son apropiadas efectivamente. Los estudiantes universitarios no están preparados para los retos que se plantean en la vida real, carecen de las habilidades que les permitan tomar riesgos, organizar, e ir más allá, sobre todo cuando se trata de hacer una selección apropiada de la información que les sirva para la toma de decisiones. Este artículo muestra los resultados del estudio a los estudiantes de primero y último semestre de ingeniería de sistemas de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña de la categoría deductiva selección y el uso de la información como competencia genérica esencial para la formación integral. Esto incluye algunas subcategorías inductivas como la recopilación, evaluación y clasificación de la información relevante, el uso de los medios adecuados para transmitir y las habilidades en el uso de la tecnología de la información.MaestríaMagíster en Práctica Pedagógic